{"id":1578,"date":"2024-09-17T16:49:58","date_gmt":"2024-09-17T14:49:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/test.kint.cz\/?p=1578"},"modified":"2025-05-30T15:53:09","modified_gmt":"2025-05-30T13:53:09","slug":"systemy-rizeni-bezpecnosti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/es\/systemy-rizeni-bezpecnosti\/","title":{"rendered":"2.3 Syst\u00e9my \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Syst\u00e9my \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Obr\u00e1zek 5. Syst\u00e9my \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed dle \u00farovn\u011b \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9mu [2].<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Syst\u00e9my \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti (d\u00e1le jen SMS) lze rozd\u011blit do t\u0159\u00ed dimenz\u00ed: vertik\u00e1ln\u00ed rozd\u011blen\u00ed dle \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9mu (obr\u00e1zek 5)\u00a0[2]<\/a>, horizont\u00e1ln\u00ed rozd\u011blen\u00ed dle oblast\u00ed p\u016fsobnosti (pro \u00fa\u010dely p\u0159edlo\u017een\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce to je dr\u00e1\u017en\u00ed doprava)\u00a0[20]<\/a>\u00a0a t\u0159et\u00edm je rozd\u011blen\u00ed dle stupn\u011b kriti\u010dnosti dan\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti (\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed za stavu norm\u00e1ln\u00edch podm\u00ednek, v odchylk\u00e1ch od norm\u00e1ln\u00edho stavu, v abnorm\u00e1ln\u00edch a kritick\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Obr\u00e1zek 6 zn\u00e1zor\u0148uje proces \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti dle na r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u00farovn\u00edch jako n\u00e1vazn\u00e9 podprocesy, c\u00edlem je zm\u00edrnit rizika pohrom a jejich dopady metodami pro \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed rizik a bezpe\u010dnosti, kter\u00e9 sami o sob\u011b nepokryj\u00ed ve\u0161ker\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti a nezajist\u00ed tot\u00e1ln\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost (zn\u00e1zorn\u011bn\u00ed oran\u017eov\u011b), proto se zav\u00e1d\u00ed proaktivn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupy a implementuj\u00ed se opat\u0159en\u00ed (zn\u00e1zorn\u011bn\u00e9 zelen\u011b), odpov\u011bdnost za danou implementaci je uveden\u00e1 v \u0161ed\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Obr\u00e1zek 6. Proces \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti dle [20].<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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N\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed odstavce popisuj\u00ed z hlediska integr\u00e1ln\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti ty nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u00farovn\u011b \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti, dle zdroje\u00a0[19,47]<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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2.3.1 Vrcholov\u00e9 \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Vrcholov\u00e9 \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti je z\u00e1kladn\u00edm kamenem \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed na \u00farovni politick\u00e9 a spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 na identifikaci a anal\u00fdze rizik mezi r\u016fzn\u00fdmi oborov\u00fdmi odv\u011btv\u00edmi. Anal\u00fdza a \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed rizik po\u010d\u00ednaje v nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed vrstv\u011b na \u00farovni cel\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu umo\u017e\u0148uje identifikovat prioritn\u00ed rizika a chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e1 aktiva st\u00e1tu v\u010detn\u011b stanoven\u00ed kriti\u010dnosti objekt\u016f kritick\u00e9 infrastruktury [6]. V\u00fdstup \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed vrstvy mus\u00ed slou\u017eit jako vstup pro \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti na ni\u017e\u0161\u00edch \u00farovn\u00edch, tj. konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho \u00fazem\u00ed, kritick\u00e9 infrastruktury a vybran\u00e9 kritick\u00e9 objekty [26] (tj. strategick\u00e1 a taktick\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148).<\/p>

Vrcholov\u00e9 \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti zahrnuje n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed postupy bl\u00ed\u017ee popsan\u00e9 v\u00a0[6]<\/a>,\u00a0Z\u00e1sady \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed rizik slo\u017eit\u00fdch technologick\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed (cvut.cz)<\/a>:<\/p>

  1. Ur\u010dit seznam relevantn\u00edch \u017eiveln\u00fdch a jin\u00fdch pohrom.<\/li>
  2. Prov\u00e9st anal\u00fdzu poznatk\u016f a zku\u0161enost\u00ed, spojen\u00fdch s ka\u017edou relevantn\u00ed \u017eivelnou \u010di jinou pohromou.<\/li>
  3. Prov\u00e9st hodnocen\u00ed dopad\u016f ka\u017ed\u00e9 sledovan\u00e9 \u017eiveln\u00e9 \u010di jin\u00e9.<\/li>
  4. Prov\u00e9st ocen\u011bn\u00ed sledovan\u00e9 \u017eiveln\u00e9 \u010di jin\u00e9 pohromy.<\/li>
  5. Regulovat \u010dinnosti v dan\u00e9 oblasti pro zm\u00edrn\u011bn\u00ed dopad\u016f pohrom.<\/li>
  6. Soustavn\u011b ov\u011b\u0159ovat p\u0159ijatou metodiku vrcholov\u00e9ho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti.<\/li><\/ol>

    Aplikace z\u00e1sad \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed na dr\u00e1\u017en\u00ed syst\u00e9my je provedena v\u00a0pr\u00e1ci\u00a0[20]<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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    2.3.2 \u0158\u00edzen\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti pro konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed \u00fazem\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    Vrcholov\u00e9 \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti st\u00e1tu poskytuje vstupy pro \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch \u00fazem\u00ed. Aby \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti bylo efektivn\u00ed, mus\u00ed pracovat s integr\u00e1ln\u00edm rizikem a aplikovat p\u0159\u00edstupy All-Hazard-Approach, tj. p\u0159\u00edstup zva\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u0161ech relevantn\u00edch pohrom pro danou oblast\u00a0[26]<\/a>. Ur\u010d\u00ed se dopady jednotliv\u00fdch pohrom na aktiva entity, nap\u0159\u00edklad pomoc\u00ed metody What\/IF. D\u00e1le se ur\u010d\u00ed \u010detnosti a provede se klasifikace pohrom\u00a0[13]<\/a>. Z\u00edsk\u00e1me rozd\u011blen\u00ed pohrom na relevantn\u00ed pro konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed \u00fazem\u00ed, z relevantn\u00edch pohrom ur\u010dujeme pohromy specifick\u00e9 a kritick\u00e9\u00a0[4,13,19]<\/a>.<\/p>

    Pro ve\u0161ker\u00e9 relevantn\u00ed pohromy se v\u00a0r\u00e1mci prevence v\u00a0projektu a zhotoven\u00ed aplikuj\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed, jejich\u017e z\u00e1sady jsou v\u00a0legislativ\u011b\u00a0[41]<\/a>.<\/p>

    Pro specifick\u00e9 a kritick\u00e9 pohromy se aplikuj\u00ed krom\u011b prevence i specifick\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed, jejich\u017e aplikace povede ke zm\u00edrn\u011bn\u00ed dopad\u016f p\u0159i odezv\u011b\u00a0[22]<\/a>, tj. pro provoz se zpracov\u00e1vaj\u00ed nouzov\u00e9 pl\u00e1ny a u kritick\u00fdch pohrom pak i pl\u00e1ny kontinuity (pro podniky) a pl\u00e1ny krizov\u00e9 (pro \u00fazem\u00ed).<\/p>

    Aby bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 zm\u00edr\u0148ovat dopady pohrom, je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed zn\u00e1t jejich rozsah, velikost a podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed popis. Proto se vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e dopad\u016f, kter\u00fdmi jsou nap\u0159\u00edklad: sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e z\u00e1plavov\u00e9ho \u00fazem\u00ed, sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159 rozletu \u00falomk\u016f, sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed po\u017e\u00e1ru, mapa seismick\u00fdch z\u00f3n, mapa sr\u00e1\u017eek a podobn\u011b. Odezva na specifick\u00e9 pohromy se prov\u00e1d\u00ed s vyu\u017eit\u00edm standardn\u00edch finan\u010dn\u00edch i lidsk\u00fdch zdroj\u016f, sil a prost\u0159edk\u016f dle povod\u0148ov\u00fdch pl\u00e1n\u016f, havarijn\u00edch pl\u00e1n\u016f, pl\u00e1n\u016f kontinuity a podobn\u011b\u00a0[2,4,19]<\/a>.<\/p>

    Pro p\u0159\u00edpad v\u00fdskytu kritick\u00e9 pohromy je nutn\u00e9 vytvo\u0159it adekv\u00e1tn\u00ed schopnost zvl\u00e1dnout dopady\u00a0[6]<\/a>. Jedn\u00edm z bod\u016f p\u0159ipravenosti je mimo jin\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f odezvy (z\u00e1sah\u016f), s ohledem na vlastnosti pohromy na dan\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed. U sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f odezvy na kritick\u00e9 pohromy nejsou standardn\u00ed zdroje, s\u00edly a prost\u0159edky dostate\u010dn\u00e9, proto se po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 s nadstandardn\u00edmi zdroji, p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed se typov\u00e9 pl\u00e1ny, vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed se finan\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1lohy a krizov\u00e9 pl\u00e1ny\u00a0[2,4,19,41].<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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    2.3.3 SMS technick\u00fdch d\u011bl zac\u00edlen\u00fd na bezpe\u010dnost a zabezpe\u010den\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    V \u00favah\u00e1ch, koncepc\u00edch, a praxi\u00a0[6,27]\u00a0<\/a>se rozli\u0161uje SMS, kter\u00fd zaji\u0161\u0165uje bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 technick\u00e9 d\u00edlo, jeho bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 okol\u00ed a bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed syst\u00e9m (ve smyslu zabezpe\u010den\u00ed, tj. angl. Security System), tj. syst\u00e9m zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00ed zabezpe\u010den\u00e9 technick\u00e9 d\u00edlo. Prvn\u00ed jmenovan\u00fd zahrnuje v sob\u011b druh\u00fd, proto\u017ee obsahuje nejen prvky syst\u00e9mu, ale i pravidla pro hierarchicky uspo\u0159\u00e1dan\u00e9 soubory opat\u0159en\u00ed a \u010dinnost\u00ed, kter\u00fdmi se zaji\u0161\u0165uje jist\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148 bezpe\u010dnosti sledovan\u00e9ho technick\u00e9ho d\u00edla a jeho okol\u00ed a kter\u00e1 jsou nav\u00e1zan\u00e1 na moment\u00e1ln\u00ed situace, kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9 i strategick\u00e9 c\u00edle \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti.<\/p>

    C\u00edle prvn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu jsou st\u00e1le proaktivn\u011b zvy\u0161ovat \u00farove\u0148 bezpe\u010dnosti v \u010dase a technick\u00e9m d\u00edle, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1 jasn\u00fd prostorov\u00fd obsah a ke kter\u00e9mu pat\u0159\u00ed i lidsk\u00e1 spole\u010dnost) t\u00edm, \u017ee se prov\u00e1d\u00ed soustavn\u00fd monitoring a progn\u00f3zy, p\u0159edem se p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed pl\u00e1ny akc\u00ed na mo\u017en\u00e9 situace a ve spr\u00e1vn\u00e9m okam\u017eiku se aplikuj\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed a \u010dinnosti, kter\u00e9 rychle stabilizuj\u00ed technick\u00e9 d\u00edlo p\u0159i v\u00fdskytu pohromy a vedou k r\u016fstu bezpe\u010dnosti v \u00fazem\u00ed a \u010dase. C\u00edlem komplexn\u00edho SMS \u00fazem\u00ed je integr\u00e1ln\u00ed neboli ucelen\u00e1 \u010di sjednocen\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnost s ohledem na chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e1 aktiva a udr\u017eiteln\u00fd rozvoj technick\u00e9ho d\u00edla a jeho okol\u00ed.<\/p>

    Komplexn\u00ed SMS technick\u00e9ho d\u00edla m\u00e1 nad\u0159azen\u00e1 pravidla, kter\u00fdmi \u0159\u00edd\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost d\u00edl\u010d\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti v technick\u00e9m d\u00edle, proto\u017ee bezpe\u010dnost technick\u00e9ho d\u00edla je ch\u00e1pan\u00e1 jako vlastnost na \u00farovni celku, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e obecn\u011b plat\u00ed, \u017ee soubor bezpe\u010dn\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f nen\u00ed bezpe\u010dn\u00fd syst\u00e9m\u00a0[6]<\/a>.<\/p>

    Syst\u00e9m \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti technick\u00e9ho d\u00edla (tj. v na\u0161em p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b syst\u00e9m dr\u00e1\u017en\u00ed dopravy) mus\u00ed dle pr\u00e1ce\u00a0[6]<\/a>\u00a0zalo\u017een\u00e9 na sm\u011brnici OECD\u00a0[46]<\/a>\u00a0a konceptu bezpe\u010dnosti OSN 1994\u00a0[9]<\/a>, kter\u00fd sleduje jak vlastn\u00ed chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e1 aktiva, tak ve\u0159ejn\u00e1 chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e1 aktiva, zahrnovat \u0161est hlavn\u00edch proces\u016f (bl\u00ed\u017ee popsan\u00fdch v\u00a0[6]<\/a>) pro:<\/p>

    SMS zahrnuje organiza\u010dn\u00ed strukturu, odpov\u011bdnosti, praktiky, p\u0159edpisy, postupy a zdroje pro ur\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed a uplat\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed prevence pohrom \u010di alespo\u0148 zm\u00edrn\u011bn\u00ed jejich nep\u0159ijateln\u00fdch dopad\u016f v komunit\u011b a jej\u00edm okol\u00ed. Op\u00edr\u00e1 se o koncepci prevence pohrom \u010di alespo\u0148 jejich z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdch dopad\u016f, kter\u00e1 zahrnuje povinnost zav\u00e9st a udr\u017eovat syst\u00e9m \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed., ve kter\u00e9m jsou zohledn\u011bny d\u00e1le uveden\u00e9 aspekty (popsan\u00e9 v\u00a0[6]<\/a>):<\/p>

    1. Role a odpov\u011bdnosti osob.<\/li>
    2. Pl\u00e1ny pro systematick\u00e9 identifikov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdch ohro\u017een\u00ed.<\/li>
    3. Pl\u00e1ny a postupy pro \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti v\u0161ech komponent a funkc\u00ed technick\u00e9ho d\u00edla.<\/li>
    4. Pl\u00e1ny na implementaci zm\u011bn v technick\u00e9m d\u00edle (\u00fazem\u00ed, objektech i za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch).<\/li>
    5. Pl\u00e1ny na identifikaci p\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00fdch nouzov\u00fdch situac\u00ed.<\/li>
    6. Pl\u00e1n pro pravideln\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed souladu s c\u00edli.<\/li>
    7. Pl\u00e1n pro pravideln\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed mechanism\u016f pro vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed a prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed korek\u010dn\u00edch \u010dinnost\u00ed v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b selh\u00e1n\u00ed d\u00edl\u010d\u00edch opat\u0159en\u00ed a \u010dinnost\u00ed s c\u00edlem dos\u00e1hnout stanoven\u00e9 c\u00edle bezpe\u010dnosti.<\/li>
    8. Pl\u00e1n na periodick\u00e9 systematick\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed koncepce bezpe\u010dnosti, \u00fa\u010dinnosti a vhodnosti SMS.<\/li>
    9. Pl\u00e1n na periodick\u00e9 systematick\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed krit\u00e9ri\u00ed pro posuzov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00farovn\u011b bezpe\u010dnosti vrcholov\u00fdm t\u00fdmem pracovn\u00edk\u016f.<\/li><\/ol>

      Komplexn\u00ed SMS technick\u00e9ho d\u00edla stanovuje obecn\u00e9 principy pro pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti technick\u00e9ho d\u00edla v prom\u011bnn\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. Jeho z\u00e1kladn\u00ed principy jsou ur\u010den\u00e9 pro v\u0161echny z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00e9, tj. jak \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00ed pracovn\u00edky a zam\u011bstnance technick\u00e9ho d\u00edla, tak ve\u0159ejnou spr\u00e1vu, kter\u00e1 d\u00e1v\u00e1 povolen\u00ed ke z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a v z\u00e1jmu bezpe\u010d\u00ed lid\u00ed i st\u00e1tu mus\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u011bt dohled nad provozem technick\u00e9ho d\u00edla\u00a0[6]<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

      \n\t\t\t\t
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      2.3.4 SMS pro syst\u00e9my syst\u00e9m\u016f (SoS)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
      \n\t\t\t\t
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      V modern\u00edm pojet\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti se pro slo\u017eit\u00e9 technologick\u00e9 objekty, tedy SoS, pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 dvou princip\u016f, a to All-Hazards-Approach\u00a0[26]\u00a0<\/a>a zobecn\u011bn\u00e1 \u201eochrana do hloubky\u201c (Defence-In-Depth)\u00a0[16,22,25]<\/a>. Obecn\u00fd koncept obrany do hloubky pro technologick\u00e9 syst\u00e9my (objekty, infrastruktury) byl definov\u00e1n v\u00a0pr\u00e1ci\u00a0[25]<\/a>. Jedn\u00edm z v\u00fdsledk\u016f v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce je definice p\u011btistup\u0148ov\u00e9ho modelu \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti technologick\u00e9ho objektu. Obr\u00e1zek 7 zn\u00e1zor\u0148uje implementaci uveden\u00e9ho modelu konkr\u00e9tn\u011b pro dr\u00e1\u017en\u00ed syst\u00e9m v kontextu s vy\u0161\u0161\u00edmi \u00farovn\u011bmi \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed dle\u00a0[48]<\/a>.<\/p>

      P\u0159i rozli\u0161en\u00ed m\u00edry bezpe\u010dnosti objekt\u016f a infrastruktur se dle zdroje\u00a0[25]\u00a0<\/a>pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed charakteristika, dle kter\u00e9 m\u00e1 objekt jednostup\u0148ovou nebo a\u017e p\u011btistup\u0148ovou ochranu do hloubky, obr\u00e1zek 7. Jednotliv\u00e9 syst\u00e9my \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed aplikaci technick\u00fdch, provozn\u00edch a organiza\u010dn\u00edch opat\u0159en\u00ed a \u010dinnosti, kter\u00e9 jsou navr\u017eeny tak, aby bu\u010f zabr\u00e1nily iniciaci \u0159et\u011bzce \u0161kodliv\u00fdch jev\u016f, anebo ho zastavily.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

      \n\t\t\t\t
      \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
      \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
      Obr\u00e1zek 7. P\u011btistup\u0148ov\u00fd model \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti SoS [48].<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
      \n\t\t\t\t
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      Principy mo\u017en\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed pro jednotliv\u00e9 vrstvy n\u00e1sledovn\u00e9\u00a0[4,19,22,25,47]<\/a>:<\/p>

      1. Prevence abnorm\u00e1ln\u00edho provozu a selh\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0V n\u00e1vrhu, v\u00fdstavb\u011b a konstrukci inherentn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvat principy bezpe\u010dn\u00e9ho projektu, tj.:<\/li>
      2. All-Hazards-Approach, proaktivn\u00ed, syst\u00e9mov\u00fd aplikuj\u00edc\u00ed integr\u00e1ln\u00ed riziko, tj. i d\u00edl\u010d\u00ed rizika spojen\u00e1 s vazbami a toky hmotn\u00fdmi, energetick\u00fdmi, finan\u010dn\u00edmi a informa\u010dn\u00edmi v d\u00edl\u010d\u00edch syst\u00e9mech i nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d nich,<\/li>
      3. spr\u00e1vn\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce s riziky,<\/li>
      4. a monitoring, ve kter\u00e9m jsou zabudov\u00e1ny korek\u010dn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed a \u010dinnosti).<\/li>
      5. \u0158\u00edzen\u00ed \/ ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed abnorm\u00e1ln\u00edho provozu a detekce selh\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0\u0158\u00eddic\u00ed syst\u00e9m objektu mus\u00ed m\u00edt z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00ed funkce, alarmy a reakce oper\u00e1tora zpracovan\u00e9 tak, aby technologick\u00fd objekt byl udr\u017een v norm\u00e1ln\u00edm (stabiln\u00edm) stavu za norm\u00e1ln\u00edch podm\u00ednek.<\/li>
      6. \u0158\u00edzen\u00ed \/ ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed hav\u00e1ri\u00ed pomoc\u00ed projektov\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed.<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0Technologick\u00fd objekt mus\u00ed m\u00edt speci\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159\u00eddic\u00ed syst\u00e9my orientovan\u00e9 na bezpe\u010dnost a ochrann\u00e9 bari\u00e9ry, kter\u00e9 ho udr\u017euj\u00ed v bezpe\u010dn\u00e9m stavu i p\u0159i v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed zm\u011bn\u011b provozn\u00edch podm\u00ednek (tj. p\u0159i abnorm\u00e1ln\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch) a zabra\u0148uj\u00ed vzniku ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00edch jev\u016f, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee m\u00e1 dobrou odolnost. P\u0159edm\u011btn\u00e9 syst\u00e9my udr\u017euj\u00ed bezpe\u010dn\u00fd provoz i za zm\u011bny podm\u00ednek nebo maj\u00ed schopnost zajistit norm\u00e1ln\u00ed provoz po aplikaci n\u00e1pravn\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed (vy\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, oprava\u2026).<\/li>
      7. \u0158\u00edzen\u00ed \/ ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed kritick\u00fdch podm\u00ednek v\u010detn\u011b prevence dal\u0161\u00edho rozvoje hav\u00e1rie a zm\u00edrn\u011bn\u00ed dopad\u016f hav\u00e1rie.<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0Pro p\u0159\u00edpad, \u017ee se vyskytnou kritick\u00e9 podm\u00ednky, kter\u00e9 zp\u016fsob\u00ed, \u017ee dojde ke ztr\u00e1t\u011b ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed objektu, mus\u00ed m\u00edt technologick\u00fd objekt syst\u00e9m opat\u0159en\u00ed pro vnit\u0159n\u00ed nouzovou odezvu, zm\u00edrn\u011bn\u00ed dopad\u016f, a pro n\u00e1vrat do norm\u00e1ln\u00edho provozu (pl\u00e1n kontinuity a vnit\u0159n\u00ed nouzov\u00fd \/ havarijn\u00ed pl\u00e1n).\u00a0<\/li>
      8. Zm\u00edrn\u011bn\u00ed dopad\u016f hav\u00e1rie vn\u011b objektu.<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0Pro p\u0159\u00edpad, \u017ee dopady ztr\u00e1ty ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed technologick\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu postihnou okol\u00ed techno-logick\u00e9ho objektu, mus\u00ed m\u00edt technologick\u00fd syst\u00e9m opat\u0159en\u00ed i pro vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed odezvu, zm\u00edr\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed pro prevenci ztr\u00e1t v objektu; a kapacitu pro p\u0159ekon\u00e1n\u00ed obt\u00ed\u017e\u00ed.<\/li><\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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        2.3.5 \u0158\u00edzen\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti v doprav\u011b<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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        Syst\u00e9my \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti v doprav\u011b jsou \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b definov\u00e1ny Evropsk\u00fdmi sm\u011brnicemi a n\u00e1sledn\u011b p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nou legislativou \u010dlensk\u00fdch zem\u00ed. Legislativa je rozd\u011blen\u00e1 pro ka\u017edou oblast dopravy zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 a je velmi stru\u010dn\u00e1 nebo v mnoha p\u0159\u00edpadech nejasn\u00e1 \u010di nedostate\u010dn\u00e1\u00a0[19]<\/a>.<\/p>

        V pr\u016fmyslu se pro \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti uplat\u0148uj\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm syst\u00e9my \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed kvality zalo\u017een\u00e9 na procesn\u00edm a projektov\u00e9m \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed TQM, s implementovan\u00fdm procesem anal\u00fdzy rizik, respektive standardu ISO 9001\u00a0[49]<\/a>\u00a0s roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fdmi po\u017eadavky pro kvalitu i bezpe\u010dnost v\u00fdrobk\u016f v dan\u00e9 oblasti. Pro elektronick\u00e9 syst\u00e9my, tj. elektrick\u00e9 \/ elektronick\u00e9 \/ programovateln\u00e9 (E\/E\/PE) se v pr\u016fmyslu zav\u00e1d\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed standard funk\u010dn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti IEC 61508\u00a0[50]<\/a>. Uveden\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstupy a standardy syst\u00e9m\u016f \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed jsou pro ka\u017edou pr\u016fmyslovou oblast upraveny a dopln\u011bny p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdmi standardy uveden\u00fdmi v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch odstavc\u00edch.<\/p>

        Pouze velmi \u00fazk\u00e1 skupina subjekt\u016f zahrnut\u00fdch do kategorie subjekt kritick\u00e9 infrastruktury je pod\u0159\u00edzena krizov\u00e9mu z\u00e1konu\u00a0[34]<\/a>\u00a0tzn., zav\u00e1d\u00ed alespo\u0148 z\u00e1kladn\u00ed principy krizov\u00e9ho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, m\u00e1 povinnost vypracovat pl\u00e1n krizov\u00e9 p\u0159ipravenosti na z\u00e1klad\u011b krizov\u00e9ho pl\u00e1nu dot\u010den\u00e9 oblasti, kter\u00fd je pravideln\u011b p\u0159ezkoum\u00e1v\u00e1n, a je odpov\u011bdn\u00e1 za ve\u0161kerou sou\u010dinnost s dal\u0161\u00edmi subjekty uveden\u00fdmi v z\u00e1kon\u011b.<\/p>

        Oblasti \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti zahrnuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 syst\u00e9my \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti informac\u00ed (ISMS) a kybernetick\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti (angl. Cyber Security). Zde je nutn\u00e9 poznamenat, \u017ee se ve skute\u010dnosti jedn\u00e1 o zabezpe\u010den\u00ed informac\u00ed a zabezpe\u010den\u00ed kyberprostoru (od anglick\u00e9ho slova Security), ale v \u010desk\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch se ujal nep\u0159esn\u00fd pojem bezpe\u010dnost informac\u00ed. \u00da\u010delem uveden\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu je zajistit tzv. d\u016fv\u011brnost, integritu (tj. celistvost) a dostupnost informace v organizaci, resp. kybernetick\u00e9m prostoru jak\u00e9hokoliv syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>

        Povinnost zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed ISMS maj\u00ed pouze n\u011bkter\u00e9 subjekty definovan\u00e9 v z\u00e1kon\u011b o kybernetick\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti\u00a0[51]<\/a>, jedn\u00e1 se o vlastn\u00edky \u010di provozovatele kritick\u00e9 informa\u010dn\u00ed infrastruktury nebo provozovatele kritick\u00e9 infrastruktury dle z\u00e1konem stanoven\u00fdch krit\u00e9ri\u00ed. Standard\u016f v t\u00e9to oblasti existuje mnoho, z\u00e1kladn\u00edmi jsou normy \u0159ady ISO\/IEC 27000\u00a0[52]<\/a>\u00a0pro syst\u00e9my \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti zalo\u017een\u00e9 na syst\u00e9mu \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed standard\u016f \u0159ady ISO 9001\u00a0[32]<\/a>. ISO norma \u0159ady 27000\u00a0[52]<\/a>\u00a0je uzn\u00e1van\u00e1 zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdm kybernetick\u00fdm z\u00e1konem\u00a0[51]<\/a>.<\/p>

        Dal\u0161\u00ed normou je IEC 62443\u00a0[53]<\/a>\u00a0pro zabezpe\u010den\u00ed pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 automatizace a \u0159\u00eddic\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f, kter\u00e1 obsahuje jak procesn\u011b organiza\u010dn\u00ed po\u017eadavky, tak i technick\u00e9 po\u017eadavky na v\u00fdrobky v pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch s\u00edt\u00edch zvy\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed jejich kybernetickou bezpe\u010dnost. D\u00e1le jsou zn\u00e1m\u00e9 standardy pro hodnocen\u00ed \u00farovn\u011b zabezpe\u010den\u00ed produkt\u016f v informa\u010dn\u00edch technologi\u00ed ISO\/IEC 15408\u00a0[54]<\/a>, z angli\u010dtiny Common Criteria (CC).<\/p>

        Krom\u011b leteck\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu se v pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch oblastech v doprav\u011b informa\u010dn\u00ed, resp. kybernetick\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnost nezav\u00e1d\u00ed v\u016fbec nebo pouze v d\u00edl\u010d\u00edch a \u00fazce zam\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch oblast\u00ed. V leteck\u00e9m pr\u016fmyslu se doporu\u010duje integrace syst\u00e9m\u016f \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kde vedle syst\u00e9mu \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti (SMS) je integrov\u00e1n i syst\u00e9m zabezpe\u010den\u00ed (SeMS) nejen pro pln\u011bn\u00ed po\u017eadavk\u016f p\u0159edpisu L17\u00a0[55]<\/a>. V r\u00e1mci SeMS lze po\u017eadavky normy ISO\/IEC 27000 uplatnit.<\/p>

        V\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e1 fakta implikuj\u00ed tvrzen\u00ed, \u017ee jsou sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dopravn\u00ed syst\u00e9my zabezpe\u010den\u00e9 z hlediska funk\u010dn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti, ale nep\u0159ipou\u0161t\u00ed, \u017ee se mohou vyskytnout i jin\u00e9 nep\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti. Nap\u0159\u00edklad kybernetick\u00fd \u00fatok a dal\u0161\u00ed pohromy (i \u017eiveln\u00ed) mohou uva\u017eovan\u00fd syst\u00e9m uv\u00e9st do abnorm\u00e1ln\u00edch a kritick\u00fdch podm\u00ednek, kter\u00e9 v\u00fdrazn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem ohro\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed sv\u00e9 okol\u00ed, dle obr\u00e1zku 2 v\u00a0podkapitole 2.1.4.<\/p>

        N\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed odstavec se, vzhledem k t\u00e9matu p\u0159\u00edpadov\u00e9 studie v diserta\u010dn\u00ed pr\u00e1ci, zam\u011b\u0159uje pouze na SMS v \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00ed doprav\u011b. Porovn\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup\u016f SMS v ostatn\u00edch oblastech dopravy je uvedeno ve zdroj\u00edch\u00a0[19,47]<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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        2.3.6 SMS v \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00ed doprav\u011b<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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        V r\u00e1mci \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00ed dopravy je z\u00e1kladn\u00edm dokumentem Sm\u011brnice o bezpe\u010dnosti \u017eeleznic\u00a0[56]<\/a>. Uveden\u00e1 sm\u011brnice vedle SMS zav\u00e1d\u00ed i spole\u010dn\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed c\u00edle (angl. Common Safety Targets \u2013 CST) a spole\u010dn\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed metody (angl. Common Safety Methods \u2013 CSM), nap\u0159. dle\u00a0[57]\u00a0<\/a>p\u0159i jak\u00e9koliv technick\u00e9, provozn\u00ed a organiza\u010dn\u00ed zm\u011bn\u011b je nutn\u00e9 tuto zm\u011bnu zdokumentovat, posoudit a od\u016fvodnit jej\u00ed vliv na bezpe\u010dnost, tj.\u00a0aplikovat metodu anal\u00fdzy a \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed rizik<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>

        \u010c\u00e1st v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9 sm\u011brnice vztahuj\u00edc\u00ed se k\u00a0SMS\u00a0[56]\u00a0<\/a>byla v C\u0158 transponov\u00e1na do Vyhl\u00e1\u0161ky o syst\u00e9mu bezpe\u010dnosti provozov\u00e1n\u00ed dr\u00e1hy a \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00ed dopravy a postupech p\u0159i vzniku mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fdch ud\u00e1lost\u00ed na dr\u00e1h\u00e1ch\u00a0[58]<\/a>. SMS m\u00e1 dle t\u00e9to Vyhl\u00e1\u0161ky povinnost zav\u00e1d\u011bt pouze provozovatel dr\u00e1hy, s\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee p\u0159i tom respektuje pouze syst\u00e9m za norm\u00e1ln\u00edch podm\u00ednek a p\u0159i tzv. mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fdch ud\u00e1lostech. Mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti se ohla\u0161uj\u00ed Dr\u00e1\u017en\u00ed inspekci, kter\u00e1 ud\u00e1losti vy\u0161et\u0159uje a je-li pot\u0159eba, navrhuje bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>

        Dr\u00e1\u017en\u00ed pr\u016fmysl nen\u00ed v\u017edy povinen, ale je konkuren\u010dn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00edm stimulov\u00e1n k zaveden\u00ed dr\u00e1\u017en\u00edho standardu IRIS [59], kter\u00fd je integrov\u00e1n do st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edho syst\u00e9mu \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. IRIS roz\u0161i\u0159uje po\u017eadavky syst\u00e9mu \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed jakosti (dle ISO 9001\u00a0[49]<\/a>) s d\u016frazem na kvalitu a bezpe\u010dnost vyv\u00edjen\u00fdch a instalovan\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f v jejich cel\u00e9m \u017eivotn\u00edm cyklu, tj. mimo jin\u00e9 implementuje po\u017eadavky EN 50126 pro prok\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed bezporuchovosti, dostupnosti, udr\u017eovatelnosti a bezpe\u010dnosti syst\u00e9mu (RAMS)\u00a0[60]<\/a>. Principy funk\u010dn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti jsou d\u00e1le roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 normou EN 50129\u00a0[61]\u00a0<\/a>pro bezpe\u010dnostn\u011b relevantn\u00ed syst\u00e9my (zabezpe\u010dovac\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed) a EN 50128\u00a0[62]\u00a0<\/a>pro jak\u00fdkoliv software aplikovan\u00fd na drah\u00e1ch. Uveden\u00e9 evropsk\u00e9 normy jsou zalo\u017een\u00e9 na funk\u010dn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti dle IEC 61508\u00a0[50]<\/a>. Bli\u017e\u0161\u00ed informace o po\u017eadavc\u00edch standardu IRIS a jemu p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdch norem jsou uvedeny v\u00a0pr\u00e1ci\u00a0[48]<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        Syst\u00e9my \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti Obr\u00e1zek 5. Syst\u00e9my \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed dle \u00farovn\u011b \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9mu [2]. Syst\u00e9my \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti (d\u00e1le jen SMS) lze rozd\u011blit […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1580,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":true,"template":"elementor_theme","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"right-sidebar","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[182],"tags":[95,135,149],"class_list":["post-1578","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-integralni-bezpecnost","tag-bezpecnost","tag-rizeni-bezpecnosti","tag-systemy-rizeni-bezpecnosti"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1578","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1578"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1578\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3532,"href":"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1578\/revisions\/3532"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1580"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1578"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1578"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1578"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}