{"id":1569,"date":"2024-09-17T15:54:51","date_gmt":"2024-09-17T13:54:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/test.kint.cz\/?p=1569"},"modified":"2025-06-04T19:00:48","modified_gmt":"2025-06-04T17:00:48","slug":"informacni-systemy-a-technologie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/nl\/informacni-systemy-a-technologie\/","title":{"rendered":"2.4 Informa\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9my a technologie"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"1569\" class=\"elementor elementor-1569\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e20641b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"e20641b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e937fa5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e937fa5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">2.4 Informa\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9my a technologie<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-15f76c5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"15f76c5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"350\" src=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/ecf0fabc-openart-vygeneruj-obrzek-s-pouze-sedmi-prvky-prvky-jsou-interpretace-posloupnosti-_-750x350-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1570\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/ecf0fabc-openart-vygeneruj-obrzek-s-pouze-sedmi-prvky-prvky-jsou-interpretace-posloupnosti-_-750x350-1.jpg 750w, https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/ecf0fabc-openart-vygeneruj-obrzek-s-pouze-sedmi-prvky-prvky-jsou-interpretace-posloupnosti-_-750x350-1-300x140.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c202699 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c202699\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Informace, informa\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9my a technologie zahrnuj\u00ed velmi \u0161irokou oblast. Informace jsou dnes vedle materi\u00e1ln\u00edch, energetick\u00fdch a finan\u010dn\u00edch zdroj\u016f \u0159azeny k z\u00e1kladn\u00edm faktor\u016fm, kter\u00e9 ur\u010duj\u00ed pokrok, a to nejen technologick\u00fd, ale tak\u00e9 pokrok v ostatn\u00edch oblastech lidsk\u00fdch aktivit<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">\u00a0[63,64]<\/a>. Informa\u010dn\u00ed toky v syst\u00e9mech vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 spojen\u00ed a sp\u0159a\u017een\u00ed element\u016f a cel\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f v komplexn\u00edch technologick\u00fdch objektech\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[10,25,33,63]<\/a>. Bez jist\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b informace nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 vytv\u00e1\u0159et ani spravovat procesy v technick\u00fdch d\u00edlech a v lidsk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[16]<\/a>.<\/p><p>Diserta\u010dn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce se zam\u011b\u0159uje p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na syst\u00e9m \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed provozu pra\u017esk\u00e9ho metra a informa\u010dn\u00ed podporu pro zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti za pou\u017eit\u00ed informa\u010dn\u00edch technologi\u00ed, tj. zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed informa\u010dn\u00edho v\u00fdkonu, kter\u00fd na z\u00e1klad\u011b m\u00edry znalosti zajist\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 a v\u010dasn\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm za abnorm\u00e1ln\u00edch a kritick\u00fdch podm\u00ednek. T\u00edmto informa\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdkon zvy\u0161uje bezpe\u010dnost syst\u00e9mu. Proto n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed odstavce popisuj\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed informa\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f, teorii vzniku informace, parametry pou\u017eit\u00fdch technologi\u00ed, m\u00edru informace, informa\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdkon a zabezpe\u010den\u00ed informa\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f.<\/p><p>Bli\u017e\u0161\u00ed popis problematiky informa\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f a technologi\u00ed v\u00a0oblasti \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti technick\u00fdch d\u011bl je uveden v\u00a0prac\u00edch\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[10,16,65]<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3048e15 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3048e15\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">2.4.1     Vyu\u017eit\u00ed informa\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f na drah\u00e1ch<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1ccfacc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1ccfacc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Informa\u010dn\u00ed technologie a syst\u00e9my jsou n\u00e1stroje pro \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, anebo v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b automatizovan\u00fdch provoz\u016f, sami \u0159\u00edd\u00ed kvalitativn\u00ed i bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed parametry. Informa\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9my a technologie jsou ned\u00edlnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed dr\u00e1\u017en\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f.<\/p><p>Tabulka 3 uv\u00e1d\u00ed p\u0159\u00edklady vyu\u017eit\u00ed informa\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f v r\u016fzn\u00fdch oblastech dr\u00e1\u017en\u00ed dopravy, do kter\u00e9 spad\u00e1 i provoz metra na kter\u00fd se diserta\u010dn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce zam\u011b\u0159uje, dle\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[65]<\/a>.<\/p><p>Tabulka 3 P\u0159\u00edklady vyu\u017eit\u00ed informa\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f na drah\u00e1ch\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[65]<\/a>.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Oblast pou\u017eit\u00ed<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Pou\u017eit\u00ed pro<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0158\u00edzen\u00ed a pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed (management)<\/td><td>vyhodnocov\u00e1n\u00ed dat z\u00a0provozu, tvorbu j\u00edzdn\u00edch \u0159\u00e1d\u016f rozpis slu\u017eeb zam\u011bstnanc\u016f rozhodovac\u00ed, ekonomick\u00e9, \u00fa\u010detn\u00ed \u010dinnosti komunikace se z\u00e1chrann\u00fdmi slo\u017ekami a s\u00a0polici\u00ed<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0158\u00edzen\u00ed provozu<\/td><td>centr\u00e1ln\u00ed dohled a \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, dispe\u010dersk\u00e9 \u010dinnosti stani\u010dn\u00ed a tra\u0165ov\u00e9 technologie sb\u011br a zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed dat na trase vlak\u016f komunikace mezi stacion\u00e1rn\u00edmi a vlakov\u00fdmi syst\u00e9my zabezpe\u010dovac\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Provoz vlaku<\/td><td>\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed vlaku, vlakov\u00fd po\u010d\u00edta\u010d, datov\u00e9 p\u0159enosy mezi vlakov\u00fdmi za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edmi sledov\u00e1n\u00ed a \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed vlakov\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed (dve\u0159e, klimatizace, vlakov\u00fd rozhlas, energetick\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed) rozhran\u00ed technik \u2013 strojvedouc\u00ed<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Cestuj\u00edc\u00ed:<\/td><td>informa\u010dn\u00ed tabule, syst\u00e9my odbaven\u00ed cestuj\u00edc\u00edch z\u00e1bavn\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed ve vlaku, Wi-Fi naviga\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9my \u2013 sm\u011brov\u00e9 tabule, syst\u00e9my pro hendikepovan\u00e9<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-659be87 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"659be87\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Tabulka 3 P\u0159\u00edklady vyu\u017eit\u00ed informa\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f na drah\u00e1ch [65].<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-27a686d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"27a686d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">2.4.2     Proces vzniku informace<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-35c3061 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"35c3061\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Vznik informace je podm\u00edn\u011bn sledov\u00e1n\u00edm jist\u00fdch vlastnost\u00ed pozorovan\u00e9ho objektu nebo spole\u010dn\u00fdch vlastnost\u00ed skupiny objekt\u016f. Ka\u017ed\u00fd informa\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m sleduje vlastnosti entit pou\u017eit\u00edm ur\u010dit\u00e9ho jazyka, co\u017e slou\u017e\u00ed k vytvo\u0159en\u00ed informace o pozorovan\u00e9m objektu\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[64,65]<\/a><sup class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote \" data-mfn=\"1\" data-mfn-post-scope=\"000000005bc6ce3d0000000068b372e3_1955\"><a role=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" aria-describedby=\"mfn-content-000000005bc6ce3d0000000068b372e3_1955-1\">1<\/a><\/sup>. Podle zp\u016fsobu interpretace takto z\u00edskan\u00fdch informac\u00ed se rozli\u0161uj\u00ed typy informa\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">\u00a0[64,65]<\/a>:<\/p><ul><li>syntaktick\u00e9 informa\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed mno\u017einu informa\u010dn\u00edch obraz\u016f stavov\u00fdch veli\u010din pozorovan\u00e9ho objektu,<\/li><li>procesn\u00ed informa\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 reprezentuj\u00ed mno\u017einu proces\u016f.<\/li><\/ul><p>Ak\u010dn\u00ed informa\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9my pak zp\u011btnou vazbou ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed p\u016fvodn\u00ed pozorovan\u00fd objekt\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[64],[65]<\/a>. Pro \u00fa\u010dely p\u0159edlo\u017een\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce a v r\u00e1mci \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed dr\u00e1\u017en\u00ed dopravy se uplat\u0148uj\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm ak\u010dn\u00ed procesn\u00ed informa\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9my.<\/p><p>Proces vzniku informace, informa\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu, proces vzniku nov\u00e9ho objektu nebo modifikace objektu je p\u016fvodn\u00edho slo\u017een z n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch podproces\u016f, respektive mno\u017einy vazeb a jejich relac\u00ed\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[64]<\/a>, kter\u00e9 jsou popsan\u00e9 Tabulka 4.<\/p><p><a>Tabulka\u00a0<\/a>4 Proces vzniku informace a informa\u010dn\u00ed technologie\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[65]<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-027ceef e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"027ceef\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a95e162 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a95e162\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<table><tbody><tr><td>\u00a0<\/td><td><strong><em>Podproces vzniku informace \/ mno\u017einy objekt\u016f<\/em><\/strong><\/td><td><strong><em>Dot\u010den\u00e9 abstraktn\u00ed uzly<\/em><\/strong><\/td><td><strong><em>Pou\u017eit\u00e9 informa\u010dn\u00ed technologie<\/em><\/strong><\/td><td><strong><em>Vstupy procesu<\/em><\/strong><\/td><td><strong><em>V\u00fdstupy procesu<\/em><\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong><em>1<\/em><\/strong><\/td><td>Identifikace objektu<\/td><td>Objekt, pozorovatel<\/td><td>Fyzick\u00e9 receptory (senzory, \u010didla)<\/td><td>Pozorovan\u00e9 stavov\u00e9 (fyzick\u00e9) veli\u010diny objektu<\/td><td>Sign\u00e1ly<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong><em>2<\/em><\/strong><\/td><td>Pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/td><td>Pozorovatel, jazyk (syntaxe)<\/td><td>Vzorkov\u00e1n\u00ed, kvantov\u00e1n\u00ed, k\u00f3dov\u00e1n\u00ed\/dek\u00f3dov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/td><td>Sign\u00e1ly<\/td><td>Data<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong><em>3<\/em><\/strong><\/td><td>Komunikace mezi zdrojem a p\u0159\u00edjemcem zpr\u00e1vy \u00a0<\/td><td>Jazyk (pozorovatele, resp. syst\u00e9mu sb\u011bru dat), p\u0159\u00edjemce zpr\u00e1vy<\/td><td>Telekomunika\u010dn\u00ed, p\u0159enosov\u00e9 a sd\u011blovac\u00ed syst\u00e9my<\/td><td>Data<\/td><td>Data<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong><em>4<\/em><\/strong><\/td><td>Interpreta\u010dn\u00ed mno\u017eina, vznik informace<\/td><td>Jazyk (pozorovatele, resp. syst\u00e9mu sb\u011bru dat, nebo p\u0159\u00edjemce), mno\u017eina informac\u00ed (\u0159\u00e1dek 6)<\/td><td>Ontologie, jazyk<\/td><td>Data<\/td><td>Informace<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong><em>5<\/em><\/strong><\/td><td>Vazby funkc\u00ed a struktur\u00e1ln\u00edho uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed objektu, ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed celistvosti (integrity)<\/td><td>Mno\u017eina informac\u00ed (\u0159\u00e1dek 6), objekt<\/td><td>Ak\u010dn\u00ed \u010dlen syst\u00e9mu, ak\u010dn\u00ed informa\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m<\/td><td>Objektu, informace<\/td><td>Spr\u00e1vnost informace, zm\u011bna objektu<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong><em>6<\/em><\/strong><\/td><td>Mno\u017eina informac\u00ed v mno\u017ein\u011b informa\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f<\/td><td>Informa\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9my<\/td><td>Informa\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9my<\/td><td>Informace<\/td><td>Informace<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong><em>7<\/em><\/strong><\/td><td>Proces interpretace<\/td><td>mno\u017eina informac\u00ed (\u0159\u00e1dek 6), nov\u00fd objekt<\/td><td>Signalizace a technologie reprezentace informace, um\u011bl\u00e1 inteligence<\/td><td>Informace<\/td><td>Obraz objektu, nov\u00fd objekt<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-17566dd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"17566dd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Proces vzniku informa\u010dn\u00edho obrazu lze tak\u00e9 vyj\u00e1d\u0159it pomoc\u00ed Freggeho funkcion\u00e1ln\u00edho konceptu vzniku informa\u010dn\u00edho obrazu [64], kter\u00fd je slo\u017een z\u00a0mno\u017ein:\u00a0<\/p><ul><li>O<sub>i<\/sub>\u00a0\u2013 mno\u017eina stavov\u00fdch veli\u010din na objektu,<\/li><li>P<sub>i<\/sub>\u00a0\u2013 mno\u017eina stav\u016f (pozorovatel\u016f),<\/li><li>\u03a6<sub>i<\/sub>\u00a0\u2013 mno\u017eina syntaktick\u00fdch \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f (tok dat),<\/li><li>I<sub>i<\/sub>\u00a0\u2013 mno\u017einy informa\u010dn\u00edch obraz\u016f stavov\u00fdch veli\u010din,<\/li><\/ul><p>a jejich vz\u00e1jemn\u00fdch vztah\u016f popsan\u00fdch v\u00a0pr\u00e1ci [64], kter\u00e9 ur\u010duj\u00ed kvalitu procesu vzniku informa\u010dn\u00edho obrazu:<\/p><ul><li>OP \u2013 identifikace,<\/li><li>PO \u2013 invazita (nebezpe\u010d\u00ed naru\u0161en\u00ed integrity stavov\u00fdch veli\u010din na objektu),\u00a0<\/li><li>P\u03a6 \u2013 projekce v mno\u017ein\u011b symbol\u016f a syntaktick\u00fdch \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f,<\/li><li>\u03a6P \u2013 korekce a identifikace neur\u010ditelnosti,<\/li><li>\u03a6I \u2013 interpretace, vznik informace,<\/li><li>I\u03a6 \u2013 reflexe jazykov\u00fdch konstrukt\u016f,<\/li><li>IO \u2013 relace funk\u010dn\u00edch a struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed,<\/li><li>OI \u2013 verifikace integrity.<\/li><\/ul><p>Z tabulky 4 a dle zdroje\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[64]<\/a>\u00a0lze odvodit n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed definice:<\/p><ul><li><strong><em>data<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 neinterpretovan\u00e9 \u00fadaje o stavu objektu,<\/li><li><strong><em>informace<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 interpretovan\u00e1 data, \u00fadaje, sign\u00e1ly vedouc\u00ed ke zm\u011bn\u011b uspo\u0159\u00e1danosti v syst\u00e9mech re\u00e1ln\u00e9ho sv\u011bta \u010di v\u011bdom\u00ed.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d8caddb elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d8caddb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">2.4.3     Kvalitativn\u00ed vlastnosti informa\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f a technologi\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-616dfdb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"616dfdb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Kvalitativn\u00ed vlastnosti informa\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f a technologi\u00ed lze ovliv\u0148ovat vhodn\u00fdm nastaven\u00edm jejich parametr\u016f, kter\u00fdmi jsou nap\u0159. mno\u017estv\u00ed informace dan\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00edm mo\u017en\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v omezen\u00fdch po\u010dtem znak\u016f, parametry p\u0159enosov\u00e9 matice definovan\u00e9 vzorcem (11) n\u00ed\u017ee, kter\u00e1 ur\u010duje schopnost interpretace a filtrace, komunikativnost syst\u00e9mu a propustnost informac\u00ed\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[65].<\/a><\/p><p>Pro praxi je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 ocenit \u201evelikost informace\u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">\u00a0[65]<\/a>. M\u00edru informace dle\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[64]<\/a>\u00a0charakterizujeme nej\u010dast\u011bji Hartleyovou m\u00edrou informace pro bin\u00e1rn\u00ed syst\u00e9m symbol\u016f (tj. pro v\u011bt\u0161inu sou\u010dasn\u00fdch kyber-fyzick\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f). Vyjad\u0159ujeme ji vztahem:<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1956 lazy loaded\" title=\"2.4 Informa\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9my a technologie 1\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/339baf8e-image.png\" sizes=\"(max-width: 152px) 100vw, 152px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/339baf8e-image.png 152w, https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/339baf8e-image-150x58.png 150w\" alt=\"339baf8e image\" width=\"152\" height=\"58\" data-src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/339baf8e-image.png\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/339baf8e-image.png 152w, https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/339baf8e-image-150x58.png 150w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 152px) 100vw, 152px\" data-was-processed=\"true\" \/><\/figure><p>(8)<\/p><p>ve kter\u00e9m\u00a0<strong><em>N<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0reprezentuje po\u010det mo\u017en\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v (\u00fadaj\u016f):<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1957 lazy loaded\" title=\"2.4 Informa\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9my a technologie 2\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/a6bfa155-image.png\" alt=\"a6bfa155 image\" width=\"89\" height=\"41\" data-src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/a6bfa155-image.png\" data-was-processed=\"true\" \/><\/figure><p>(9)<\/p><p>ve kter\u00e9m\u00a0<strong><em>S<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0je po\u010det znak\u016f v abeced\u011b\u00a0<strong><em>A (A1,A2,\u2026AS)<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0 a\u00a0<strong><em>n\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>je po\u010det prvk\u016f v mno\u017ein\u011b znak\u016f.<\/p><p>Procesn\u00ed informa\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9my charakterizujeme dle\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[64]<\/a>\u00a0grafy p\u0159i\u0159azen\u00fdmi relac\u00edm:<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1958 lazy loaded\" title=\"2.4 Informa\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9my a technologie 3\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/395962ad-image.png\" alt=\"395962ad image\" width=\"173\" height=\"42\" data-src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/395962ad-image.png\" data-was-processed=\"true\" \/><\/figure><p>(10)<\/p><p>ve kter\u00fdch\u00a0<strong><em>I<sub>i<\/sub><\/em><\/strong>=1,2..n je informa\u010dn\u00ed obraz stavov\u00fdch veli\u010din, mno\u017eina stav\u016f\u00a0<strong><em>P<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0a syntaktick\u00fdch \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f (informa\u010dn\u00edch tok\u016f)\u00a0<strong><em>\u03d5<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0v \u010dase\u00a0<strong><em>t<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p><p>P\u0159edm\u011btn\u00e9 p\u0159i\u0159azen\u00ed umo\u017e\u0148uje struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed interpretaci slo\u017eit\u00fdch informa\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f, hodnocen\u00ed zp\u011btn\u00fdch vazeb a kvalitu p\u0159evozu a zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed informace v d\u00edl\u010d\u00edch informa\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9mech\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[64]\u00a0<\/a>a jeho informa\u010dn\u00ed segment vych\u00e1z\u00ed z maticov\u00e9ho vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[65]<\/a>:<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1959 lazy loaded\" title=\"2.4 Informa\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9my a technologie 4\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/72973de5-image.png\" alt=\"72973de5 image\" width=\"220\" height=\"85\" data-src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/72973de5-image.png\" data-was-processed=\"true\" \/><\/figure><p>(11)<\/p><p>ve kter\u00e9m\u00a0<strong><em>T<sub>i<\/sub><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0je p\u0159enosov\u00e1 matice i-t\u00e9ho informa\u010dn\u00edho segmentu (tj. segmentu informa\u010dn\u00edho v\u00fdkonu).<\/p><p>V re\u00e1ln\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu ze vztahu (10) vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee informace nebo mno\u017eina informac\u00ed\u00a0<strong><em>I<sub>i<\/sub><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0je propojena s mno\u017einou stav\u016f syt\u00e9mu a informa\u010dn\u00edch tok\u016f v \u010dase. Informa\u010dn\u00ed segment ze vztahu (11) m\u016f\u017eeme p\u0159i\u0159adit nap\u0159\u00edklad syst\u00e9mu sb\u011bru dat, kde\u00a0<strong><em>I1\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>jsou vstupn\u00ed (po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed) informace,\u00a0<strong><em>\u03d5<sub>1<\/sub><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0vstupn\u00ed informa\u010dn\u00ed tok a na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b na v\u00fdstupu dan\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu\u00a0<strong><em>I2\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>jako vstupn\u00ed informace a p\u0159enesen\u00fd informa\u010dn\u00ed tok\u00a0<strong><em>\u03d5<sub>2\u00a0<\/sub><\/em><\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[65]<\/a>. Parametry t lze z\u00edskat jak kvantitativn\u00ed, tak i kvalitativn\u00edm zp\u016fsobem\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[63,65]\u00a0<\/a>a v p\u0159edm\u011btn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edkladu dle zdroje [64] p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed:<\/p><p><strong><em>t<sub>a<\/sub><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 schopnost interpretace (pro ta &lt; 1 m\u00e1 syst\u00e9m velmi malou znalost a schopnost interpretace, pro\u00a0<strong><em>t<sub>a<\/sub><\/em><\/strong>=1 m\u00e1 schopnost interpretace vlastnost\u00ed objektu v informa\u010dn\u00edm syst\u00e9mu, pro\u00a0<strong><em>t<sub>a<\/sub>\u00a0&gt; 1<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0se jedn\u00e1 o expertn\u00ed syst\u00e9m se schopnost\u00ed reprezentace vlastn\u00edch informac\u00ed o objektu na z\u00e1klad\u011b z\u00edskan\u00fdch \u00fadaj\u016f a dat),<\/p><p><strong><em>t<sub>b<\/sub><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 schopnost filtrace (v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b t<sub>b<\/sub>\u00a0&lt; 1 syst\u00e9m na sv\u00e9m v\u00fdstupu interpretuje men\u0161\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed informac\u00ed ne\u017e kter\u00e9 z\u00edsk\u00e1 na jeho vstupn\u00edm informa\u010dn\u00edm toku, pro t<sub>b<\/sub>\u00a0&gt; 1 naopak),<\/p><p><strong><em>t<sub>c<\/sub><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 komunikativnost (schopnost poskytnout v\u00fdstupn\u00ed informa\u010dn\u00ed tok na z\u00e1klad\u011b vstupn\u00edch informac\u00ed),<\/p><p><strong><em>t<sub>d<\/sub><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 propustnost informa\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu (schopnost p\u0159ev\u00e9st vstupn\u00ed informa\u010dn\u00ed tok na jeho v\u00fdstupn\u00ed informa\u010dn\u00ed tok, v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b redundance je td mnohem v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 1).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-55dc2f9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"55dc2f9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">2.4.4     Informa\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdkon a jeho vztah k bezpe\u010dnosti<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5e43b8a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5e43b8a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti syst\u00e9mu syst\u00e9m\u016f je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 vytv\u00e1\u0159et takov\u00e1 sp\u0159a\u017een\u00ed mezi syst\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 poskytuj\u00ed vysokou \u00farove\u0148 kvality propojen\u00ed, tj. kvalitativn\u00edch parametr\u016f syst\u00e9m\u016f\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[65]<\/a>, kter\u00fdmi jsou dle<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">\u00a0[25,63]<\/a>:<\/p><ul><li>bezpe\u010dnost vystupuj\u00edc\u00ed na \u00farovni syst\u00e9mu syst\u00e9m\u016f,<\/li><li>celistvost (integrita) opat\u0159en\u00ed,<\/li><li>spolehlivost syst\u00e9mu syst\u00e9m\u016f,<\/li><li>kvalita aktivn\u00edch a pasivn\u00edch opat\u0159en\u00ed zvy\u0161uj\u00edc\u00edch bezpe\u010dnost jednotliv\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f,<\/li><li>dostupnost ur\u010dit\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu \u010di za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v\u017edy v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pot\u0159eby,<\/li><li>kontinuita procesu aplikace opat\u0159en\u00ed,<\/li><li>p\u0159esnost prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed.<\/li><\/ul><p>Uveden\u00e9 syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 parametry jsou p\u0159\u00edmo z\u00e1visl\u00e9 na efektivnosti informa\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f, kter\u00e9 zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed po\u017eadovanou spr\u00e1vnost a v\u010dasnost informace a v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b ak\u010dn\u00edch informa\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f tak\u00e9 rychlost spr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho rozhodnut\u00ed. \u00darove\u0148 efektivnosti informa\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu se vyjad\u0159uje pomoc\u00ed veli\u010diny informa\u010dn\u00edho v\u00fdkonu\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[63-65]<\/a>:<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1960 lazy loaded\" title=\"2.4 Informa\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9my a technologie 5\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/6e48f577-image.png\" alt=\"6e48f577 image\" width=\"192\" height=\"35\" data-src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/6e48f577-image.png\" data-was-processed=\"true\" \/><\/figure><p>\u00a0(12)<\/p><p>kde\u00a0<strong><em>P<sub>i<\/sub>(t)<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0je okam\u017eit\u00fd informa\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdkon\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[63-65]<\/a>. Informa\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdkon\u00a0<strong><em>P<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0vyjad\u0159uje obsah p\u0159enesen\u00e9 dek\u00f3dovan\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy\u00a0<strong><em>I<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0v informa\u010dn\u00edm toku\u00a0<strong><em>\u03a6<\/em><\/strong>. Informa\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdkon je tak\u00e9 roven velikosti m\u00edry odstran\u011bn\u00ed nejistoty\u00a0<strong><em>E<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0znalosti (tj. z fyziky mno\u017estv\u00ed pr\u00e1ce) na jednotku \u010dasu\u00a0<strong><em>t<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[64]<\/a>:<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1962 lazy loaded\" title=\"2.4 Informa\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9my a technologie 6\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/05440be6-image.png\" alt=\"05440be6 image\" width=\"142\" height=\"46\" data-src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/05440be6-image.png\" data-was-processed=\"true\" \/><\/figure><p>(13)<\/p><p>Pro slo\u017eit\u00e9 (komplexn\u00ed) syst\u00e9my, kv\u016fli nehomogenit\u011b informa\u010dn\u00edch typ\u016f (mno\u017estv\u00ed, obsahu, spr\u00e1vnosti, validity informac\u00ed), je obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 informa\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdkon jasn\u011b kvantifikovat. Kv\u016fli v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9mu je nutn\u00e9 informa\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdkon neust\u00e1le zlep\u0161ovat tak, aby byla zaji\u0161t\u011bna co nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed m\u00edra kvality prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e9 funkce \u0159\u00eddic\u00edho syst\u00e9mu<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">\u00a0[63-65]<\/a>. Pro zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed informa\u010dn\u00edho v\u00fdkonu, a minimalizov\u00e1n\u00ed zdroj\u016f nutn\u00fdch pro tvorbu p\u0159edm\u011btn\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f, se v praxi vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 \u0159ada metod, kter\u00fdmi jsou nap\u0159\u00edklad<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">\u00a0[63-65]<\/a>:<\/p><ul><li>COBIT pro audit informa\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f z hlediska vrcholov\u00e9ho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[66]<\/a>,<\/li><li>ITIL pro spr\u00e1vu informa\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f a slu\u017eeb,<\/li><li>refaktoring, tj. zm\u011bny SW syst\u00e9mu, kter\u00e9 zlep\u0161uj\u00ed jeho intern\u00ed strukturu a vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed zdroj\u016f, ale neovliv\u0148uj\u00ed jeho vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed funk\u010dn\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[64]<\/a>.<\/li><\/ul><p>Pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti \u0159\u00eddic\u00edch syst\u00e9mu je proto d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 provozovat takov\u00e9 informa\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 poskytuj\u00ed co nejrychlej\u0161\u00ed a spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed, co\u017e \u00fazce souvis\u00ed s informa\u010dn\u00edm v\u00fdkonem<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">\u00a0[64]<\/a>.<\/p><p>Pravd\u011bpodobnost spr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho v\u00fdb\u011bru variantn\u00edho \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed z mno\u017einy \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed a pravd\u011bpodobnost spr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho rozhodnut\u00ed v provozu \u0159\u00eddic\u00edho syst\u00e9mu, tj. PCD (Probability of Proper Decision), je d\u00e1na funkc\u00ed z\u00e1visl\u00e9 na \u00farovn\u011b znalosti funkce \u201ek\u201c a informa\u010dn\u00edho toku v \u010dase \u201e<strong><em>\u03a6 ( t )<\/em><\/strong>\u201c\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[63-65]<\/a>:<\/p><p><strong><em>CD = F [ \u03a6 ( t ), k ].<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0<\/p><p>(14)<\/p><p>Z uveden\u00e9ho vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee \u0159\u00eddic\u00ed syst\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 se op\u00edraj\u00ed o vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u00farove\u0148 znalost\u00ed, jsou schopn\u00e9 rychlej\u0161\u00edho spr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho rozhodnut\u00ed p\u0159i men\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e\u00ed, tj. rozhoduj\u00ed rychleji\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[65]<\/a>.<\/p><p>Spr\u00e1vn\u011b zvolen\u00e9 parametry informa\u010dn\u00edch technologi\u00ed a syst\u00e9m\u016f zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed velikost jejich informa\u010dn\u00edho v\u00fdkonu, tj. kvalitu informace umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed efektivn\u00ed reakci syst\u00e9mu na p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed stavy. T\u00edmto zlep\u0161uj\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost drah, a to nejen v norm\u00e1ln\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch, ale i v abnorm\u00e1ln\u00edch a zejm\u00e9na kritick\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">\u00a0[63,65]<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7c6f774 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7c6f774\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">2.4.5     Kvalita p\u0159enosov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c00281a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c00281a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Vzhledem k povaze \u0159e\u0161en\u00e9ho \u00fakolu v p\u0159edlo\u017een\u00e9 pr\u00e1ci, tj. distribuovan\u00e9ho dopravn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu s geograficky od sebe vzd\u00e1len\u00fdmi syst\u00e9mov\u00fdmi uzly, je vhodn\u00e9 uv\u00e9st vztahy popisuj\u00edc\u00ed kvalitu p\u0159enosu informace v p\u0159enosov\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed (3. proces dle tabulky 4). Uva\u017eujme proto \u0159\u00eddic\u00ed syst\u00e9m se zp\u011btnou vazbou vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00fd obr\u00e1zkem 8 v souladu s\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[10,67,68]<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e1c3fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1e1c3fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"541\" height=\"205\" src=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/ea0b7c8c-image.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1573\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/ea0b7c8c-image.png 541w, https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/ea0b7c8c-image-300x114.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 541px) 100vw, 541px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7a1760 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b7a1760\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Obr\u00e1zek 8. Vazby \u0159\u00eddic\u00edho syst\u00e9mu v kybernetick\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu dle [68].<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2eee934 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"2eee934\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-868489d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"868489d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Kvalita funkcionality uveden\u00e9ho kybernetick\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu je tedy ovlivn\u011bna dv\u011bma z\u00e1kladn\u00edmi faktory\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[10]:<\/a><\/p><ul><li>spr\u00e1vn\u00fdm chov\u00e1n\u00edm syst\u00e9mu a \u0159\u00eddic\u00edho centra,<\/li><li>korektn\u00edm p\u0159enosem dat mezi uzly kybernetick\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu.<\/li><\/ul><p>Pro exaktn\u00ed matematick\u00fd popis obou faktor\u016f, tj. individu\u00e1ln\u00edho komunika\u010dn\u00edho kan\u00e1lu a cel\u00e9ho kybernetick\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, pou\u017eijeme model Gaussova p\u0159enosov\u00e9ho kan\u00e1lu\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[69]<\/a>\u00a0a Bayesovu teorii (podm\u00edn\u011bnou teorii pravd\u011bpodobnosti)\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[10,23]<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18aa41d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"18aa41d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"404\" height=\"58\" src=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/4a773d70-image.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1574\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/4a773d70-image.png 404w, https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/4a773d70-image-300x43.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 404px) 100vw, 404px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Obr\u00e1zek 9. Gauss\u016fv p\u0159enosov\u00fd kan\u00e1l [69].<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-283d81e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"283d81e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Pro komunika\u010dn\u00ed kan\u00e1l bez pam\u011bti (bez ohledu na v\u00fdstup v \u010dase men\u0161\u00edm, ne\u017e je bod t) dle\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[10]<\/a>\u00a0plat\u00ed:<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1965 lazy loaded\" title=\"2.4 Informa\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9my a technologie 7\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/cd706cee-image.png\" sizes=\"(max-width: 154px) 100vw, 154px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/cd706cee-image.png 154w, https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/cd706cee-image-150x38.png 150w\" alt=\"cd706cee image\" width=\"154\" height=\"38\" data-src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/cd706cee-image.png\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/cd706cee-image.png 154w, https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/cd706cee-image-150x38.png 150w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 154px) 100vw, 154px\" data-was-processed=\"true\" \/><\/figure><p>(15)<\/p><p>Pro komunika\u010dn\u00ed kan\u00e1l s pam\u011bt\u00ed (nap\u0159. kan\u00e1l se zp\u011btnou vazbou), s daty do \u010dasu\u00a0<strong><em>M<\/em><\/strong>, dle\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[10]<\/a>\u00a0plat\u00ed:<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1966 lazy loaded\" title=\"2.4 Informa\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9my a technologie 8\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/a9986c7d-image.png\" sizes=\"(max-width: 394px) 100vw, 394px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/a9986c7d-image.png 394w, https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/a9986c7d-image-300x29.png 300w\" alt=\"a9986c7d image\" width=\"394\" height=\"38\" data-src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/a9986c7d-image.png\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/a9986c7d-image.png 394w, https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/a9986c7d-image-300x29.png 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 394px) 100vw, 394px\" data-was-processed=\"true\" \/><\/figure><p>(16)<\/p><p>Pro kybernetick\u00fd syst\u00e9m popsan\u00fd na obr\u00e1zku 8 s\u00a0parametry<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1967 lazy loaded\" title=\"2.4 Informa\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9my a technologie 9\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/5fa530b9-image.png\" alt=\"5fa530b9 image\" width=\"149\" height=\"39\" data-src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/5fa530b9-image.png\" data-was-processed=\"true\" \/><\/figure><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong>byly v\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[10]\u00a0<\/a>odvolen\u00e9 n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed vztahy:<\/p><ul><li>syst\u00e9m:<\/li><\/ul><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1968 lazy loaded\" title=\"2.4 Informa\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9my a technologie 10\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/0c58e70b-image.png\" sizes=\"(max-width: 440px) 100vw, 440px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/0c58e70b-image.png 440w, https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/0c58e70b-image-300x25.png 300w\" alt=\"0c58e70b image\" width=\"440\" height=\"36\" data-src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/0c58e70b-image.png\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/0c58e70b-image.png 440w, https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/0c58e70b-image-300x25.png 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 440px) 100vw, 440px\" data-was-processed=\"true\" \/><\/figure><p>(17)<\/p><ul><li>\u0159\u00eddic\u00ed centrum:<\/li><\/ul><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1969 lazy loaded\" title=\"2.4 Informa\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9my a technologie 11\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/674193d5-image.png\" sizes=\"(max-width: 474px) 100vw, 474px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/674193d5-image.png 474w, https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/674193d5-image-300x27.png 300w\" alt=\"674193d5 image\" width=\"474\" height=\"43\" data-src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/674193d5-image.png\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/674193d5-image.png 474w, https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/674193d5-image-300x27.png 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 474px) 100vw, 474px\" data-was-processed=\"true\" \/><\/figure><p>(18)<\/p><ul><li>komunika\u010dn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed A:<\/li><\/ul><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1970 lazy loaded\" title=\"2.4 Informa\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9my a technologie 12\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/19ee422c-image.png\" sizes=\"(max-width: 277px) 100vw, 277px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/19ee422c-image.png 277w, https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/19ee422c-image-270x39.png 270w\" alt=\"19ee422c image\" width=\"277\" height=\"39\" data-src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/19ee422c-image.png\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/19ee422c-image.png 277w, https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/19ee422c-image-270x39.png 270w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 277px) 100vw, 277px\" data-was-processed=\"true\" \/><\/figure><p>(19)<\/p><ul><li>komunika\u010dn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed B:<\/li><\/ul><p>\u00a0\u00a0<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1972 lazy loaded\" title=\"2.4 Informa\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9my a technologie 13\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/1ce90d88-image-1.png\" sizes=\"(max-width: 273px) 100vw, 273px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/1ce90d88-image-1.png 273w, https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/1ce90d88-image-1-270x46.png 270w\" alt=\"1ce90d88 image 1\" width=\"273\" height=\"46\" data-src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/1ce90d88-image-1.png\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/1ce90d88-image-1.png 273w, https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/1ce90d88-image-1-270x46.png 270w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 273px) 100vw, 273px\" data-was-processed=\"true\" \/><\/figure><p>(20)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5068e30 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5068e30\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">2.4.6     Zabezpe\u010den\u00ed kyber-fyzick\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fa169c5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fa169c5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Paraleln\u011b ke zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed informa\u010dn\u00edho v\u00fdkonu se v praxi, a zejm\u00e9na v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b kritick\u00e9 infrastruktury, zvy\u0161uj\u00ed n\u00e1roky tak\u00e9 na bezpe\u010dnost a zabezpe\u010den\u00ed. Bezpe\u010dnost kyber-fyzick\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v zabezpe\u010den\u00ed informac\u00ed syst\u00e9mu tak, aby mohl \u0159\u00edzen\u00fd syst\u00e9m vykon\u00e1vat sv\u00e9 funkce bezpe\u010dn\u011b, tj. aby sv\u00fdmi poruchami neohrozil s\u00e1m sebe ani sv\u00e9 okol\u00ed. Proces zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti informac\u00ed (resp. Jejich zabezpe\u010den\u00ed) spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v ochran\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch aktiv kybernetick\u00e9ho (informa\u010dn\u00edho) syst\u00e9mu tak, aby byla pro d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 informace zaji\u0161t\u011bna po\u017eadovan\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148 dostupnosti, integrity a d\u016fv\u011brnosti (z angli\u010dtiny zn\u00e1m\u00e9 jako CIA \u2013 Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability)\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[52,65]<\/a>. Na rozd\u00edl od syst\u00e9mov\u00e9ho pojet\u00ed uveden\u00e9ho v p\u0159edchoz\u00ed kapitole, z hlediska informa\u010dn\u00edch technologi\u00ed zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed CIA dle\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[52]<\/a>\u00a0znamen\u00e1 zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed:<\/p><ul><li>d\u016fv\u011brnosti \u2013 informace nen\u00ed dostupn\u00e1 nebo nen\u00ed odhalena neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fdm jednotlivc\u016fm, entit\u00e1m nebo proces\u016fm,<\/li><li>integrity \u2013 informace je \u00fapln\u00e1 a p\u0159esn\u00e1,<\/li><li>dostupnosti \u2013 p\u0159\u00edstupnost a pou\u017eitelnost informace v\u017edy na \u017e\u00e1dost opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 entity.<\/li><\/ul><p>Dostupnost a integritu lze vyj\u00e1d\u0159it nap\u0159\u00edklad pomoc\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnostn\u00edch parametr\u016f ve vztaz\u00edch (15) a\u017e (20) uveden\u00fdch v\u00fd\u0161e.<\/p><p>D\u016fv\u011brnost v sob\u011b zahrnuje dal\u0161\u00ed atributy a metody pro sv\u00e9 zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed. \u010casto jsou p\u0159edm\u011btn\u00e9 metody v protikladu se zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm dostupnosti a integrity, proto\u017ee se zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm d\u016fv\u011brnosti zvy\u0161ujeme nap\u0159\u00edklad \u010dasov\u00e9 n\u00e1roky na k\u00f3dov\u00e1n\u00ed a dek\u00f3dov\u00e1n\u00ed, p\u0159enos, autentizaci a podobn\u011b\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[52,65]<\/a>. U procesn\u00edch informa\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f v doprav\u011b funguj\u00edc\u00edch v re\u00e1ln\u00e9m \u010dase, na rozd\u00edl od jin\u00fdch informa\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f, p\u0159evl\u00e1daj\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm po\u017eadavky na dostupnost a integritu, kde\u017eto d\u016fv\u011brnost nem\u00e1 tak velkou prioritu\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[52,65]<\/a>.<\/p><p>Pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed kvality, informa\u010dn\u00edho v\u00fdkonu a bezpe\u010dnosti kybernetick\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f se aplikuj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupy procesn\u00edho a projektov\u00e9ho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed typu TQM\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[8]<\/a>, ze kter\u00fdch vych\u00e1z\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9 metodiky i mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed a evropsk\u00e9 standardy pro syst\u00e9my \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[10,63,65]<\/a>. \u00da\u010delem p\u0159edm\u011btn\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed je naj\u00edt ekonomicky efektivn\u00ed procesy zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00ed jistou m\u00edru kvality a bezpe\u010dnosti kyber-fyzick\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f, a to p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm ve f\u00e1zi jejich n\u00e1vrhu, anal\u00fdzy, v\u00fdvoje, provozu i obnovy a likvidaci.<\/p><p>Ka\u017ed\u00fd syst\u00e9m pracuje spr\u00e1vn\u011b pouze za jist\u00fdch p\u0159edpoklad\u016f, tj. okoln\u00edch podm\u00ednek. Proto mus\u00ed m\u00edt kyber-fyzick\u00e9 syst\u00e9my stanoven\u00e9 jist\u00e9 limity a podm\u00ednky, kter\u00e9 podmi\u0148uj\u00ed jejich kvalitativn\u00ed parametry (tj. bezpe\u010dnost, spolehlivost, dostupnost, celistvost, kontinuita a p\u0159esnost)\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[22,41]<\/a>.<\/p><p>N\u00e1vrh procesn\u00edho modelu pro zabezpe\u010den\u00ed kyber-fyzick\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f je uveden nap\u0159\u00edklad ve\u00a0zdroj\u00edch<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">\u00a0[10,63,65,70,71]<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>2.4 Informa\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9my a technologie Informace, informa\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9my a technologie zahrnuj\u00ed velmi \u0161irokou oblast. Informace jsou dnes vedle materi\u00e1ln\u00edch, energetick\u00fdch [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1570,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_header_footer","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[182],"tags":[95,117,297,151],"class_list":["post-1569","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-integralni-bezpecnost","tag-bezpecnost","tag-informacni-systemy","tag-integralni-bezpecnost","tag-technologie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1569","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1569"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1569\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3751,"href":"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1569\/revisions\/3751"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1570"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1569"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1569"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1569"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}