{"id":1402,"date":"2024-09-05T23:04:24","date_gmt":"2024-09-05T21:04:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/test.kint.cz\/?p=1402"},"modified":"2025-06-04T18:28:38","modified_gmt":"2025-06-04T16:28:38","slug":"solarni-fyzika-a-bezpecnost","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/sk\/solarni-fyzika-a-bezpecnost\/","title":{"rendered":"Sol\u00e1rn\u00ed fyzika a bezpe\u010dnost"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t

Sol\u00e1rn\u00ed fyzika a bezpe\u010dnost<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Sol\u00e1rn\u00ed fyzika, resp. fyzika Slunce, se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 studiem a popisem hv\u011bzd, jich popisem jeho struktury i chov\u00e1n\u00ed. Nap\u0159\u00edmo ovliv\u0148uje bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed obory, jak je vid\u011bt na p\u0159\u00edkladech, kter\u00e9 uv\u00e1d\u00edme na konec \u010dl\u00e1nku. N\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed poskytnut\u00e9 informace jsme \u010derpali z n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch zdroj\u016f:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Pokud V\u00e1s zaj\u00edm\u00e1 v\u00edce \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f o fyzice a bezpe\u010dnosti, sledujte na\u0161\u00ed rubriku\u00a0Fyzika A Bezpe\u010dnost \u2013 KINT S.r.o.<\/a><\/p>

Sol\u00fdrn\u00ed fyziku m\u016f\u017eeme rozd\u011blit do n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch oblast\u00ed:<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 obecn\u00fd popis Slunce jako hv\u011bzdu,<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 vnit\u0159n\u00ed strukturu Slunce,<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 konvekce,<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 atmosf\u00e9ra,<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 rotace,<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 oscilace,<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 helioseismologie,<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 slune\u010dn\u00ed magnetismus,<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 erupce,<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 korona,<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 kosmick\u00e9 po\u010das\u00ed.<\/p>

Z hlediska fyziky pro bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed obory se zam\u011b\u0159\u00edme zejm\u00e9na na kosmick\u00e9 po\u010das\u00ed jako\u017eto d\u016fsledek vlastnost\u00ed popisovan\u00e9 v dal\u0161\u00edch odv\u011btv\u00edch sol\u00e1rn\u00ed fyziky, proto\u017ee m\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edm\u00ed vliv na lidsk\u00fd syst\u00e9m a technologie.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t

Kosmick\u00e9 po\u010das\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Kosmick\u00e9 po\u010das\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem ovliv\u0148uje lidsk\u00e9 technologie a klima Zem\u011b, proto se oblast m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed a p\u0159edpov\u011bdi kosmick\u00e9ho po\u010das\u00ed pova\u017euje za velmi perspektivn\u00ed obor s vyu\u017eit\u00edm v aplikovan\u00e9 slune\u010dn\u00ed fyzice. V\u00fdkyvy v kosmick\u00e9m po\u010das\u00ed zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed mimo jin\u00e9: geomagnetick\u00e9 bou\u0159e, pol\u00e1rn\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159e, ionosf\u00e9rick\u00e9 poruchy, poruchy elektroniky, poruchy d\u00e1lkov\u00fdch veden\u00ed\u00a03<\/a>\u00a0<\/p>

MICHAL, \u0160vanda. Slune\u010dn\u00ed fyzika. MICHAL, \u0160vanda.\u00a0Matematicko-fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed fakulta, Univerzita Karlova<\/em>\u00a0[online]. Praha: Sirrah, UK, 2015 [cit. 2017-09-04]. Dostupn\u00e9 z:\u00a0http:\/\/sirrah.troja.mff.cuni.cz\/~svanda\/AST001\/<\/a>.<\/p>

Sledovan\u00e9 veli\u010diny kosmick\u00e9ho po\u010das\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm jsou:<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 sledov\u00e1n\u00ed IMF (meziplanet\u00e1rn\u00ed magnetick\u00e9 pole) v okol\u00ed Zem\u011b v nT,<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 poruchov\u00e9 proudy v ionosf\u00e9\u0159e (Dst) vznikl\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161enou aktivitou Slunce v nT pro ur\u010den\u00ed intenzity magnetick\u00e9 bou\u0159e v n\u00edzk\u00fdch zem. \u0160\u00ed\u0159k\u00e1ch,<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 dal\u0161\u00ed geomagnetick\u00e9 indexy \u2013 K, Kp, Ap, AE\u00a04<\/a><\/sup>,<\/p>

\u0160ALOMOUNOV\u00c1, Mark\u00e9na.\u00a0Kosmick\u00e9 po\u010das\u00ed \u2013 variace Ionosf\u00e9ry vlivem proces\u016f na Slunci<\/em>. Brno, 2011. Bakal\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce. Masarykova univerzita, P\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdeck\u00e1 fakulta, \u00dastav teoretick\u00e9 fyziky a astrofyziky. Vedouc\u00ed pr\u00e1ce Mgr. Zby\u0161ek Mo\u0161na.<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 rychlost slune\u010dn\u00e9ho v\u011btru v km\/s,<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 Proxy slune\u010dn\u00ed aktivity (14<\/sup>C):<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a014<\/sup>C, izotopy Be: kosmogenn\u00ed prvky,<\/p>

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 z\u0159ejm\u011b galaktick\u00fd p\u016fvod, p\u0159i zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 slune\u010dn\u00ed aktivit\u011b ztr\u00e1c\u00ed energii a jejich pronikavost do zemsk\u00e9 magnetosf\u00e9ry je men\u0161\u00ed,<\/p>

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed aktivita = m\u00e9n\u011b\u00a014<\/sup>C,<\/p>

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 izotopy lze nal\u00e9zt v ledovc\u00edch, letokruz\u00edch strom\u016f,<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 geologick\u00e9 vrstvy mapuj\u00edc\u00ed obecn\u011b klimatickou teplotu.<\/p>

Metody p\u0159edpov\u011bdi aktivity<\/em><\/strong>:<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 P\u0159edpov\u011bdi aktivity:<\/p>

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9 \u2013 extrapolace zalo\u017een\u00e9 na zku\u0161enosti, \u201epozorov\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c odvr\u00e1cen\u00e9 strany<\/p>

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nost ~ 85 % na t\u00fdden,<\/p>

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 dlouhodob\u00e9<\/p>

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 matematick\u00e1 funkce modeluj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdvoj indexu aktivity<\/p>

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f = extrapolace,<\/p>

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed model berouc\u00ed principy, kalibruje se na pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed,<\/p>

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f = v\u00fdvoj modelu do budoucna,<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 Slune\u010dn\u00ed aktivita ovliv\u0148uje techniku \u2013 z d\u016fvodu pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed je nutn\u00e9 m\u00edt alespo\u0148 odhad<\/p>

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 NASA a pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed mis\u00ed a pobyt\u016f ve voln\u00e9m kosmu,<\/p>

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 energie \u2013 ostra\u017eitost p\u0159ed v\u00fdpadky,<\/p>

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 dru\u017eice \u2013 mo\u017en\u00e9 poruchy, p\u0159echod do bezpe\u010dn\u00e9ho re\u017eimu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t

Vybran\u00e9 slune\u010dn\u00e9 jevy a anom\u00e1lie<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159 eruptivn\u00ed ud\u00e1losti<\/em><\/strong>:<\/p>

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1. Vysokoenergetick\u00e9 elektromagnetick\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 RTG a gama,<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 ionizuje atmosf\u00e9ru, poruchy komunikac\u00ed a GPS,<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 trv\u00e1 osm a p\u016fl minuty po erupci.<\/p>

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 2. Protonov\u00e1 bou\u0159e<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1 pro astronauty, zvy\u0161uje radia\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e pilot\u016f atd.,<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 diferenci\u00e1ln\u00ed nab\u00edjen\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stic,<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 trv\u00e1 23 minut a\u017e dv\u011b hodiny.<\/p>

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 3. Koron\u00e1ln\u00ed ejekce hmoty<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 poruchy magnetosf\u00e9ry,<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 v\u00fdpadky dru\u017eic, v\u00fdpadky s\u00edt\u00ed,<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 20 hodin a\u017e t\u0159i dny.<\/p>

Pol\u00e1rn\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159e<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0je v\u00fdsledek interakce \u010d\u00e1stic slune\u010dn\u00edho v\u011btru s atomy a molekulami v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e (sr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00e1 excitace); velk\u00fd p\u0159\u00edkon, a\u017e 600 GW; vyskytuj\u00ed se nej\u010dast\u011bji v okol\u00ed pol\u00e1rn\u00edch kruh\u016f; prob\u00edhaj\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 symetricky na ji\u017en\u00ed a severn\u00ed polokouli; naprosto ne\u0161kodn\u00e9 \u2013 ru\u0161\u00ed kr\u00e1tkovlnn\u00e9 spojen\u00ed, umo\u017e\u0148uje spojen\u00ed dlouhovlnn\u00e9.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t

Dopady Slune\u010dn\u00e9 aktivity na Zemi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Vlivy Slune\u010dn\u00e9 aktivity na Zemi:<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Vznik nap\u011bt\u00ed na dlouh\u00fdch veden\u00ed:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 rozpad energetick\u00fdch s\u00edt\u00ed,<\/p>

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 koroze ropovod\u016f.<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Ovlivn\u011bn\u00ed r\u00e1diov\u00e9ho spojen\u00ed<\/em><\/strong>:<\/p>

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 leteck\u00fd provoz!<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Navigace<\/em><\/strong>:<\/p>

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 t\u011b\u017eebn\u00ed plo\u0161iny,<\/p>

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 radiomaj\u00e1ky.<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Fale\u0161n\u00e9 sign\u00e1ly.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 Elektronika.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 Po\u0161kozen\u00ed kosmick\u00fdch dru\u017eic<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 radia\u010dn\u00ed riziko pro kosmonauty, piloty, letu\u0161ky.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 Potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed nebezpe\u010d\u00ed pro kybernetick\u00e9 implant\u00e1ty.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 Lid\u00e9 citliv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed na zm\u011bny magnetick\u00e9ho pole:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 mo\u017en\u00fd vliv na NMR vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed\u00a0 (nukle\u00e1rn\u00ed magnetick\u00e1 rezonance).<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Ztr\u00e1ta orientace zv\u00ed\u0159at:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>holubi, delf\u00edni, velryby apod.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t

Periody aktivity a souvislost s klimatem<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Gleissberg\u016fv cyklus:  87 let, modulace amplitudy cyklu.<\/em><\/p>\n

De Vries\u016fv cyklus:     205 let.<\/em><\/p>\n

Hallstatt\u016fv:    2300 let.<\/em><\/p>\n

Erup\u010dn\u00ed perioda: 140\u2014170 (154) dn\u00ed.<\/em><\/p>\n

Siln\u00e1 perioda ~ 27 dn\u00ed! + aperiodick\u00e1 slo\u017eka<\/em><\/p>\n

Periody nemaj\u00ed fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1klad, nereprodukuj\u00ed se v modelech<\/em> 5<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n

MICHAL, \u0160vanda. Slune\u010dn\u00ed fyzika. MICHAL, \u0160vanda. <\/span>Matematicko-fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed fakulta, Univerzita Karlova<\/em> [online]. Praha: Sirrah, UK, 2015. Dostupn\u00e9 z: <\/span>http:\/\/sirrah.troja.mff.cuni.cz\/~svanda\/AST001\/<\/a>
<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Vztah mezi slune\u010dnou aktivitou a pozemsk\u00fdm klimatem<\/em><\/strong> dle 6<\/a><\/sup><\/p>

MICHAL, \u0160vanda. Slune\u010dn\u00ed fyzika. MICHAL, \u0160vanda. <\/span>Matematicko-fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed fakulta, Univerzita Karlova<\/em> [online]. Praha: Sirrah, UK, 2015. Dostupn\u00e9 z: <\/span>htt<\/a><\/a><\/sup>:<\/span><\/p>\n

10.\u201313. stolet\u00ed: tepl\u00e9 klima, Gr\u00f3nsko \u2013 zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e1 kolonie (Green-land)<\/p>\n

13. stolet\u00ed: ochlazov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/p>\n

645\u20131715: Mal\u00e1 doba ledov\u00e1  (Maunderovo minimum)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
Sol\u00e1rn\u00ed Fyzika \u2013 Vztahy mezi po\u010dtem slune\u010dn\u00edch skvrn a pozemsk\u00fdm klimatem 7<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t

Vybran\u00e9 pohromy<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Kapitola stru\u010dn\u011b uv\u00e1d\u00ed vybran\u00e9 pohromy zap\u0159\u00ed\u010din\u011bn\u00e9 slune\u010dn\u00ed aktivitou a n\u00e1hlou zm\u011bnou magnetick\u00e9ho pole, dle [20].<\/p>

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Carrington Event (supererupce)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 prvn\u00ed historicky dolo\u017een\u00e1 erupce z 1. 9. 1859,<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 geomagnetick\u00e1 bou\u0159e n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed dva dny,<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 pol\u00e1rn\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159e a\u017e v Karibiku, horn\u00edci ve Skalist\u00fdch hor\u00e1ch sn\u00eddali v domn\u011bn\u00ed, \u017ee je r\u00e1no, bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edst noviny,<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 v\u00fdpadek telegrafn\u00edho spojen\u00ed, pop\u00e1len\u00ed oper\u00e1tor\u016f, n\u011bkter\u00e9 linky pos\u00edlaly fale\u0161n\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy i bez nap\u00e1jen\u00ed,<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 Dst index \u22121760 nT.<\/p>

Elektromagnetick\u00e1 bou\u0159e roku 1921<\/em><\/strong><\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 geomagnetick\u00e1 bou\u0159e vy\u0159adila 13. kv\u011btna 1921 m\u011bstskou \u017eeleznici v New Yorku<\/p>

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 z\u0159ejm\u011b od telegrafn\u00edho veden\u00ed vyho\u0159ela kontroln\u00ed v\u011b\u017e,<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 kompletn\u00ed v\u00fdpadek telegrafn\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b na v\u00fdchod\u011b USA,<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 poruchy (\u201cvyho\u0159el\u00e1 elektronika\u201d) telefonn\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b ve \u0160v\u00e9dsku,<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 poruchy transkontinent\u00e1ln\u00edch kabel\u016f.<\/p>

Qu\u00e9beck blackout<\/em><\/strong><\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 13. b\u0159ezen 1989 rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 geomagnetick\u00e1 bou\u0159e jako v\u00fdsledek s\u00e9rie erupc\u00ed a CME (koron\u00e1rn\u00ed v\u00fdtrisk hmoty),<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 rozpad energetick\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b v Qu\u00e9becu, kompletn\u00ed blackout trval 9 hodin,<\/p>

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 izoluj\u00edc\u00ed kamenn\u00e9 podlo\u017e\u00ed,<\/p>

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 rozpad trval \u0159\u00e1dov\u011b sekundy,<\/p>

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 vyho\u0159elo n\u011bkolik transform\u00e1tor\u016f,<\/p>

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 celkov\u00e9 \u0161kody $6 milion\u016f,<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 vyho\u0159el\u00fd 500 kV transform\u00e1tor v New Jersey,<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 dva vyho\u0159el\u00e9 400 kV transform\u00e1tory ve Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nii.<\/p>

Bastille Day Event<\/em><\/strong><\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 erupce t\u0159\u00eddy X5 14. 7. 2000,<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 protonov\u00e1 erupce na st\u0159edu disku, tedy dob\u0159e sledovan\u00e1,<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 naprosto zahltila EIT@SOHO a ud\u011blala m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed nepou\u017eiteln\u00fdmi,<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 doprov\u00e1zena geomagnetickou bou\u0159\u00ed 15.-17.7.<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 dozvuky koron\u00e1ln\u00ed ejekce hmoty detekov\u00e1ny p\u0159\u00edstroji na Voyager 1 a Voyager 2.<\/p>

23. 7. 2011 Erupce na odvr\u00e1cen\u00e9 stran\u011b Slunce<\/em><\/strong><\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 mohutn\u00e1 CME (s\u00edla nezn\u00e1m\u00e1), zas\u00e1hla satelit STEREO A<\/p>

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ve skute\u010dnosti dv\u011b CME s odstupem 15 minut, oblast \u201cvy\u010di\u0161t\u011bna\u201d jinou CME p\u0159ed \u010dty\u0159mi dny,<\/p>

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u2013\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 2900 km\/s (!),<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 odhadnuta geoefektivita \u2013 DST ~ -1200 nT,<\/p>

\u2013\u00a0\u00a0 odhadnuty \u0161kody: 2 biliony dolar\u016f (20x Katrina).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sol\u00e1rn\u00ed fyzika a bezpe\u010dnost Sol\u00e1rn\u00ed fyzika, resp. fyzika Slunce, se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 studiem a popisem hv\u011bzd, jich popisem jeho struktury i […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1403,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[184],"tags":[95,105,145],"class_list":["post-1402","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fyzika-a-bezpecnost","tag-bezpecnost","tag-fyzika","tag-slunce"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1402","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1402"}],"version-history":[{"count":25,"href":"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1402\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3758,"href":"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1402\/revisions\/3758"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1403"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1402"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1402"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kint.cz\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1402"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}